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English英語專八專四學習復習資料
英語專四語法重點匯總
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本資料為過來人的考試經(jīng)驗所整理,也需結(jié)合其他復習書籍一起備考哦
這份資料集結(jié)歷年專四的考試重點,按考試經(jīng)驗已經(jīng)過篩選
一、 非謂語動詞的主要考點
1. 有些典型動詞后面可以接上不定式或動名詞來做賓語的,但是在意思上是有區(qū)別的,主要常考到的動詞羅列如下:
mean to do想要(做某事)VS mean doing意味(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)VS propose doing建議(做某事)
forget to do忘記(要做的事)VS forget doing忘記(已做的事) remember to do記得(要做某事)VS remember doing記得(做過)
go on to do繼而(做另一件事)VS go on doing繼續(xù)(做原來的事)
stop to do停下來去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事
regret to do(對將要做的事)遺憾VS regret doing(對已做過的事)后悔
2. 不定式的習慣用法 典型句型整理如下:
如:“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事” 如:“cannot but do”—— “不禁做某事”
如:“cannot choose but do”—— “不由自主地做某事” 如:“can do nothing but do”—— “不能不做某事”
如:“have no choice but to do”—— “只能做某事” 如:“have no alternative but to do”—— “只能做某事” 例句:The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor.
When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus.
3. 動名詞的習慣用法
典型動名詞的習慣句型整理羅列如下: 如:be busy/active doing sth. 如:It’s no good/use doing sth. 如:spend/waste time doing sth.
如:have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 如:have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. 如:There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. 例句:
There is no use crying over spilt milk.(典型例句) 牛奶灑了,哭也沒用;后悔是沒有用的;覆水難受
I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in science after all.
二、 形容詞與副詞及其比較級
1. 形容詞的句法功能
形容詞通常在句子中用做定語、表語與主語的語法成分,通常考到的知識點總結(jié)如下: (1) 以 “a” 開頭的形容詞
如“alone”、“alike”、“asleep”、“awake”等一般不能做前置定語,通常是做表語或后置定語的
例句:Jerry didn’t pass the important final exam, please let him alone for the time being.
Michael came back from job just now, and his eyes were shut and he seemed to have fallen asleep.
(2) 某些以副詞詞綴 “-ly” 結(jié)尾的詞其實是形容詞,不能看錯是副詞,例如“friendly”、“leisurely”、“lovely”等
(3) 下列動詞既是實義動詞又是系動詞,注意用做系動詞時,要求形容詞做表語 這些典型單詞羅列如下:
“remain”、“keep”、“become”、“get”、“grow”、“go”、“come”、“turn”、“stay”、“stand”、“run”、“prove”、“seem”、“appear”、“look”等
例句:The situation remains tense between the two countries at this juncture. 在這個節(jié)骨眼上,兩國形勢仍然持續(xù)緊張。
There is strong possibility that such a style of mutual cooperation will prove unworkable. 這種合作模式大有可能行不通。
2. 某些詞雖然不用比較級形式卻自身帶有比較概念 這些典型詞匯總結(jié)如下:
“inferior”、“minor”、“senior”、“prior”、“prefer to”、“superior”、“major”、“junior”、“preferable”、“differ from”、“compared with”、“in comparison with”、“different from”、“rather than”等 例句:After visiting at weekends, I think their villa is superior to all the other villas in the countryside.
3. 有關(guān)比較級的特殊句型
(1) not so much„as„ 與其說„還不如說„
例句:The major reason for his suicide isn’t so much his negative emotions as his incapacity to take care of himself. (2) no/not any more„than„ 兩者一樣都不„
例句:It is well acknowledged by the public that the heart is no any more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain altogether.
(3) no /not any less„than„ 兩者一樣都„
例句:I was good at almost all subjects when I was in the junior high school, and particularly speaking, mathematics was no any less。
good than physics at that time.
(4) just as„so„ 正如„,„也„(會使用到倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)) 例如:Just as chocolate is a part of my favorite food, so is the ice cream.
三、 虛擬語氣
簡明概述:虛擬語氣是指說話人講話的內(nèi)容與現(xiàn)實或事實相反,是一種主觀假想的情況。
時態(tài):可表示過去、現(xiàn)在和將來,特征是時態(tài)相應(yīng)退后。
1. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反的主觀假設(shè): 條件從句
主句
一般現(xiàn)在時 改為 一般過去時 注:be動詞一律改為were should/would/could/might + 動詞原形
例句:
If there were an English dictionary, we could consult it for this difficult word.
If my bigger brother were here, he would do us a favor to move the四、定語從句
簡明概述:定語從句在句中充當定語的角色,修飾句中前面所提到的名/代詞。被修飾的名/代詞稱為先行詞。
關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, whose, which, that):
注:沒有what
關(guān)系代詞所代替的主要是人或物的名/代詞,在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。
五、名詞性從句
簡明概述:名詞性從句在句中相當于名詞詞組/成分。由于它在復合句中能作主語、賓語、表語、同位語等,因此名詞性從句(總稱)又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句等。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞重點概括如下:
1. 連接詞:that, whether, if (只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不作任何成分)
六、倒裝
簡明概述:倒裝句由全部倒裝和部分倒裝組成。全部倒裝是把句中的謂語部分全部挪到主語前面,時態(tài)通常是一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時;部分倒裝則是將謂語的一部分,如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞倒裝于主語之前。如果謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞,則需要我們幫助補充助動詞,如do,does,did,并將它們放在主語的前面。
七、主謂一致
簡明概述:主謂一致即主語與謂語在語法單復數(shù)形式上保持一致。本章節(jié)重點羅列了英語專四考試中經(jīng)常會考到且常出現(xiàn)的幾種情況以供大家參考、復習。
以“s”結(jié)尾的書名、雜志名、國家名、組織名,雖然字面上是“復數(shù)”形式,但其實只能作為一個獨立的個/整體。所以作主語時,謂語動詞要為單數(shù)。