travelling <英>旅行=<美> traveling
hey [heɪ] 嘿,喂
miss [mɪs] 想念,思念
fantastic [fæn'tæstɪk] 極好的,美妙的
indoor (在)室內(nèi)的
roller coaster (游樂場的)過山車,環(huán)滑車
speed [spiːd] 速度
ride [raɪd] 乘坐(游樂設(shè)施)
cartoon [kɑːˈtuːn] 卡通片,動畫片
character [ˈkærɪktə] 人物
such [sʌtʃ] 這樣的(人或物)
such as 例如
parade (慶祝)游行
magic [ˈmædʒɪk] 魔法
pie [paɪ] 派,餡餅
feel [fiːl] 感覺到,意識到
couple [ˈkʌp(ə)l] 兩人,兩件事,幾人,幾件事
a couple of 一對;一雙,兩三個(gè)
at the end of 在…末尾
castle [ˈkɑːs(ə)l] 城堡
sand [sænd] 沙;沙灘
countryside ['kʌntrɪ'saɪd] 農(nóng)村,鄉(xiāng)下
over ['əʊvə] 結(jié)束
marry ['mæri] 結(jié)婚,嫁,娶
dead [ded] 死的
beauty [ˈbjuːti] 美麗;美人
seaside [ˈsiːsaɪd] 海邊的
theme park 主題公園
sailing [ˈseɪlɪŋ] 帆船運(yùn)動,航行
except [ɪk'sept] 除了…以外
view [vjuː] 景色,風(fēng)景
mountain ['maʊntɪn] 高山
business ['bɪznɪs] 公事;商業(yè);生意
on business 出差
direct [dɪˈrektˌdaɪˈrekt] 直達(dá)的,直接的
flight [flaɪt] 航班;航行
point [pɔɪnt] 要點(diǎn)
detail [ˈdiːteɪl] 細(xì)節(jié)
delicious [dɪ'lɪʃəs] 美味的,可口的
seafood ['sɪfuːd] 海鮮
airport ['eəpɔːt] 機(jī)場
relative ['relətɪv] 親戚
02
Unit2 知識梳理
【詞匯拓展】
1. beautiful adj. →beauty(n.) 美人,美麗
2. sail v. →sailing(n.) 帆船運(yùn)動
3. fly v. →flight(n.) 航班
4. die v. →dead (adj.) 死的
5. direct adj. →directly(adv.)
6. indoor adj. →outdoor(反義詞)
【重點(diǎn)詞組】
1. go on a trip to… 到…作一次旅行
2. must be great fun 一定很有趣
3. take …out for a few days 帶…出去幾天
4. bring sth with sb 把…帶在身邊
5. come on 快點(diǎn);加油
6. tourist attractions 旅游景點(diǎn)
7. a symbol of… …的象征
8. go skiing 去滑雪
9. go hiking 去遠(yuǎn)足
10. see the beautiful view 看美麗的風(fēng)景
11. take photos 拍照
12. welcome to… 歡迎到…
13. write to sb 寫信給…
14. have a fantastic time 玩得很高興
15. the whole day 整天
16. by underground 乘地鐵
17. at the entrance 在入口處
18. move at high speed 高速運(yùn)行
19. a fast food restaurant 一家快餐店
20. be interested in 對…感興趣
21. can’t stop taking photos 不停地拍照
22. a parade of Disney characters 迪斯尼人物的游行
23. later in the afternoon 下午晚些時(shí)候
24. the best part of the day 一天中最精彩的部分
25. wave to … 向…揮手致意
26. all the way 一路上
27. be like magic 像魔術(shù)一樣
28. the great ‘Lion King’ show 精彩的獅王表演
29. buy some souvenirs 買一些紀(jì)念品
30. at the end of… 在…結(jié)束時(shí)
31. watch fireworks 觀看煙火
32. look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks
在煙火映襯下看起來很閃亮
33. in all 一共,總計(jì)
34. an exciting trip 一次刺激的旅行
35. show sth to sb 把某物給某人看
36. a line of people 一隊(duì)人
37. wait in line 排隊(duì)等候
38. a meaningful experience 一次有意義的經(jīng)歷
39. a really delightful holiday 一次真得令人高興的假日
40. colourful costumes 多姿多彩的服飾
41. a member of… …一名成員
42. travel to Shengzhen 到深圳旅游
43. all year around 全年
44. in the coming holiday 在即將到來的假日
45. take turns to do sth 依次/輪流做某事
46. plan to travel abroad 計(jì)劃出國旅游
47. hope to do sth 希望做某事
48. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
49. fly to … 飛往某地
50. fresh air 新鮮的空氣
51. pleasant weather 宜人的天氣
52. places of interest 名勝古跡
53. the day of our trip to Hongkong 我們?nèi)ハ愀勐糜蔚娜兆?/p>
54. three and a half hours= three hours and a half 三個(gè)半小時(shí)
55. have a bird’s-eye view of Hongkong 鳥瞰香港的景色
56. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening
一座高樓聳立、夜晚燈光閃爍的現(xiàn)代化城市
57. cultural centre 文化中心
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. I’ve been there many times.
我已經(jīng)去哪兒很多次了。
2.Let me take you out for a few days.
讓我?guī)愠鋈ネ鎺滋彀伞?/p>
3.I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me.
我認(rèn)為這對我來說不是一個(gè)假期。
4.I couldn’t stop taking photos with them.
我不停地和他們一起拍照。
5.It must be fun. 那一定很有趣。
6.It’s a famous theme park and includes four different parks.
這是一個(gè)著名的主題公園,它包括四個(gè)不同的公園。
7.The children clapped and screamed with joy when they saw their favorite characters.
孩子們看見他們最喜愛的人物高興的拍手尖叫。
8.The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless.
Space Mountain外面排隊(duì)的人很多。
9.I can check it for you when I talk with my dad.
當(dāng)我和爸爸談過后,我可以為你核實(shí)一下。
10.The weather in Hong Kong was quite different from that in Beijing.
香港的天氣和北京的相當(dāng)不同。
11.It was really wonderful to have a bird’s-eye view of Hong Kong--- a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening.
鳥瞰香港的景色真的非常漂亮一座高樓聳立、夜晚燈光閃爍的現(xiàn)代化城市
12.The castle looked shiny and beautiful under the fireworks.
城堡在煙火的照耀下閃閃發(fā)光非常漂亮。
13.The performers waved to people while they marched across the park,singing and dancing all the way.
表演者一路上又唱又跳的向人們揮著手穿過公園。
14.We were screaming and laughing through the whole ride.
我們在整個(gè)騎行過程中都在尖叫和笑。
15.My dad bought some stationery for my cousin.
我爸爸為堂弟買了一些文具。
16.They have never been to Hong Kong.
他們從來沒有去過香港。
17.Kitty has gone to Hong Kong with her family.
Kitty和她的家人去香港了。
18.My cousin has been in Beijing for a month.
我的堂妹在北京已經(jīng)一個(gè)月了。
19.Kitty has had her purse for a year.
Kitty的錢包已經(jīng)買了一年了。
20.The lamb has been dead for quite some time.
這只羔羊去世有一段時(shí)間了。
21.My parents got married fifteen years ago.
我父母15年前結(jié)婚。
22. They have been married for more than fifteen years.
他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚超過15年了。
23.I have to return it because I have kept it for too long.
我必須把它歸還因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)借了太長時(shí)間了。
24.The best part of the day was when the elephants took bananas from the visitors.
一天中最好的時(shí)候就是當(dāng)大象從游客那拿香蕉的時(shí)。
【詞句解析】
1.speed n. 速度
[點(diǎn)撥] at a speed of… 以……的速度
at top speed 以最高速
Our speed averaged out at 50 km an hour.
我們的平均速度是每小時(shí)50公里。
He drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour.
他以每小時(shí)60英里的速度開車。
[拓展] speed vt.& vi. 急行,加速,超速
speed up 加速 slow down 減速
We'd better speed up if we want to get there on time.
如果我們想準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里,我們最好加快速度。
2.except,besides和except for
(1)except表示“除去,不包括”,指“從所提到的人或事物中除去,即從整體中除去一部分”,表示遞減的概念,含義是否定的。
The company is open every day except Sundays.
除了周日,這家公司每天都營業(yè)。
You may drop in at any time except at noon.
除了中午,你任何時(shí)候來都可以。
(2)besides表示“除了……之外,還有……”,指“在整體中加入一部分”,表示遞加的概念,含義是肯定的。
We all passed the exam besides Tom.
除了湯姆外,我們也都及格了。
(3)except for也表示“除……以外”,表示對整體主要部分的肯定和對局部的否定,起部分修正主要意思的作用。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了幾處語法錯(cuò)誤外,你的作文寫得很好。
3.have/has beento, have/has gone to和have/has been in
(1)have/has been to表示“去過某地(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了)”。
They have been to Beijing twice.
他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次了。
(2)have/has gone to表示“去某地了(說話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)?”,指可能在去的路上,可能已在某地,也可能在回來的路上。
He has gone to Beijing. He will be back in two months.
他去北京了,兩個(gè)月后回來。
(3)have/has been in 表示“在某地”。
He has been in Beijing for three weeks.
他已經(jīng)在北京三周了。
4.die, dead,death和dying
(1)die是動詞,意為“死,死亡”,是短暫性動詞,不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
My grandpa died two years ago.
我爺爺兩年前去世了。
The old man died of cancer.
那位老人死于癌癥。
(2)dead是形容詞,意為“死了的,無生命的”,表示狀態(tài),可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
The tree has been dead for ten years.
那棵樹死了有十年了。
(3)death是名詞,意為“死亡,去世”。
The memorial hall was built one year after his death.
他去世一年后,那座紀(jì)念館建成了。
(4)dying 是die的現(xiàn)在分詞形式,用作形容詞,意為“垂死的,即將死去的”。
The poor dog had no food. It was dying.
那條可憐的狗沒有食物,奄奄一息了。
5.for example和such as
(1)for example表示“例如”,一般只以同類人或事物中的“一個(gè)”為例,作插入語,用逗號隔開,可置于句首、句中或句末。
Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.
例如,球類運(yùn)動已經(jīng)在世界各地傳播開了。
(2)such as也表示“例如”,用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia and Canada.
許多國家都講英語,例如澳大利亞和加拿大。
6.I don't think it'll be a holiday for me. 我認(rèn)為這對于我來說將不是假期。
[點(diǎn)撥] 句型“I don't think+賓語從句”是含有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的主從復(fù)合句,意為“我認(rèn)為……不……”。該句型的主語必須是第一人稱;形式上否定主句,翻譯時(shí)否定從句。
I don't think it's right to make such a hasty decision.
我認(rèn)為如此倉促地作出決定是不正確的。
[拓展] (1)該句型改為反意疑問句時(shí),必須以賓語從句為準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行變化,而且賓語從句要視為否定句,即把主句的don't所表示的否定拉回到賓語從句中來,采取“前否后肯”的規(guī)則變化。
I don't think you are right, are you?
我認(rèn)為你是不對的,不是嗎?
(2)有類似用法的動詞還有believe, suppose, expect等。
I don't suppose they will say sorry to her, will they?
我認(rèn)為他們不會對她說對不起,是吧?
7.I ran after them and couldn't stop taking photos. 我追趕他們,忍不住一直拍照。
[點(diǎn)撥] (1)can't stop doing sth 意為“忍不住做某事”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)有can't help doing sth,意為“情不自禁地做某事”。
The mothercouldn't stop crying when her son was saved.
當(dāng)她的兒子被救時(shí),媽媽忍不住哭了。
(2)take photos 拍照片; take a photo/photos of… 拍……的照片。
Some students are taking photos of the river.
一些學(xué)生正在拍那條河流的照片.
【重點(diǎn)語法】
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見兩種句型:
①主語+have/ has been+for短語
②Itis+一段時(shí)間+ since從句
例如:He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入團(tuán)已三年了。
延續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞的概念:
英語中,動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、動作發(fā)生過程的長短,可分為延續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞。
延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作,這種動作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響。如:learn,work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live,stay等。
終止性動詞也稱非延續(xù)性動詞、瞬間動詞或短暫性動詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動作,這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如:open,close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。
延續(xù)性動詞的用法特征:
1.延續(xù)性動詞可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其完成時(shí)態(tài)可與表示"段時(shí)間"的狀語連用。表示"段時(shí)間"的短語有:fortwo years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如:
I have learned English since I came here.
自從我來到這兒就學(xué)英語了。
2.延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示短暫時(shí)間的"點(diǎn)時(shí)間"狀語連用。如:Itraind at eight yesterday morning.(誤)rain為延續(xù)性動詞,而at eight表示"點(diǎn)時(shí)間",前后顯然矛盾。如果用延續(xù)性動詞表示一瞬間的動作,可以借助come,begin, get等終止性動詞來表示。上句可改為:It began to rainat eight yesterday morning.(正)又如:
-When did you get to know Jack?
-Twoyears ago.
-Then you've known each other for more than two years.
-That'sright.
終止性動詞的用法特征:
1.終止性動詞可用來表示某一動作完成,因此可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如:
The train has arrived.火車到了。
Have you joined the computer group?你加入電腦小組了嗎?
2.終止性動詞表示的動作極其短暫,不能持續(xù)。因此,不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用(只限肯定式)。如:
(1)他死了三年了。 誤:He has died for three years.
正:He has been dead for three years.
正:He died three years ago.
正:It is three years since he died.
正:Three years has passed since he died.
(2)他來這兒五天了。
誤:Hehas come here for five days.
正:Hehas been here for five days.
正:Hecame here five days ago.
正:Itis five days since he came here.
正:Fivedays has passed since he came here.
(1)、(2)句中的die、come為終止性動詞,不能與表示"段時(shí)間"的狀語連用。那么,應(yīng)如何正確表達(dá)呢?可以采用下面的四種方法:
(1)將句中終止性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞,如上面兩例中的第一種正確表達(dá)方式。下面列舉幾例:leave→beaway, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die→be dead, move to→live in,finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fallill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a cold。
(2)將句中表示"段時(shí)間"的狀語改為表示過去確定時(shí)間的狀語,如下面兩例中的第二種正確表達(dá)方式。
(3)用句型"Itis+段時(shí)間+since..."表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達(dá)方式。
(4)用句型"時(shí)間+haspassed+since..."表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達(dá)方式。
3.終止性動詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定式中,成為可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài),因而可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如:
He hasn't left here since 1986. I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.
4.終止性動詞的否定式與until/till連用,構(gòu)成"not+終止性動詞+until/till..."的句型,意為"直到……才……"。如:
You can't leave here until I arrive.
直到我到了,你才能離開這里。
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.
今天晚上直到我畫完畫,我才上床睡覺。
5.終止性動詞可以用于when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中,但不可以用于while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中。when表示的時(shí)間是"點(diǎn)時(shí)間"(從句謂語動詞用終止性動詞),也可以是"段時(shí)間"(從句謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞)。而while表示的是一個(gè)較長的時(shí)間或過程,從句謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞。如:
When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach為終止性動詞)
Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away為延續(xù)性動詞短語)
6.終止性動詞完成時(shí)不可與how long連用(只限于肯定式)。如:
誤:How long have you come here?
正:How long have you been here?
正:When did you come here?